三国演义英文版-第105部分

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＇e＇　Han　Xin　was　a　general　of　Liu　Bang。　Before　serving　Han；　Han　Xin　had　been　an　officer　under　Xiang　Yu。　Disappointed　because　his　plans　were　rejected；　Han　Xin　left　Xiang　Yu　and　joined　Liu　Bang's　camp；　where　he　was　made　mander…in…Chief　by　remendations　of　Xiao　He　and　Zhang　Liang。　Enobled　as　King　of　Qi；　then　King　of　Chu。　。。。。。
〃Small　forces　are　no　match　for　large　armies。　Victory　and　defeat　are　mon　episodes　in　every　campaign。　The　great　Founder　of　the　Hans　suffered　many　defeats　at　the　hands　of　Xiang　Yu；　but　Liu　Bang　finally　conquered　at　Gaixia；　and　that　battle　was　decisive。　Was　not　this　due　to　the　strategy　of　Han　Xin*　who；　though　he　had　long　served　Liu　Bang；　had　never　won　a　victory。　Indeed　real　statesmanship　and　the　restoration　of　stable　government　is　a　master　plan　far　removed　from　the　vapid　discourses　and　debates　of　a　lot　of　bragging　babblers　and　specious　and　deceitful　talkers；　who；　as　they　themselves　say；　are　immeasureably　superior　to　the　rest　of　humankind　but　who；　when　it　es　to　deeds　and　decisions　to　meet　the　infinite　and　constant　vicissitudes　of　affairs；　fail　to　throw　up　a　single　capable　person。　Truly　such　people　are　the　laughing　stock　of　all　the　world。〃
Zhang　Zhao　found　no　reply　to　this　diatribe。
But　another　in　the　assembly　lifted　up　his　voice；　saying；　〃But　what　of　Cao　Cao's　present　position？　There　he　is；　encamped　with　one　hundred　legions　and　a　thousand　leaders。　Whither　he　goes　he　is　invincible　as　wriggling　dragon；　and　whither　he　looks　he　is　as　fearsome　as　roaring　tiger。　He　seems　to　have　taken　Jiangxia　already；　as　we　see。〃
The　speaker　was　Yu　Fan。
And　Zhuge　Liang　replied；　〃Cao　Cao　has　acquired　the　swarms　of　Yuan　Shao　and　stolen　the　crowds　of　Liu　Biao。　Yet　I　care　not　for　all　his　mob　legions。〃
Yu　Fan　smiled　icily；　saying；　〃When　you　got　thrashed　at　Dangyang　and　in　desperation　sent　this　way　and　that　to　ask　help；　even　then　did　you　not　care？　But　do　you　think　big　talk　really　takes　people　in？〃
Zhuge　Liang　replied；　〃Liu　Bei　had　a　few　thousand　scrupulous　soldiers　to　oppose　against　a　million　fierce　brutes。　He　retired　to　Xiakou　for　breathing　space。　The　South　Land　have　strong　and　good　soldiers；　and　there　are　ample　supplies；　and　the　Great　River　is　a　defense。　Is　now　a　time　for　you　to　convince　your　lord　to　bend　the　knee　before　a　renegade；　to　be　careless　of　his　honor　and　reputation？　As　a　fact　Liu　Bei　is　not　the　sort　of　man　to　fear　such　a　rebel　as　Cao　Cao。〃
Yu　Fan　had　nothing　to　reply。
Next；　Bu　Zhi；　who　was　among　those　seated；　said；　〃Will　you　talk　of　our　southern　land　with　a　tongue　like　the　tongues　of　the　persuaders　Zhang　Yi　and　Su　Qin　in　the　ancient　time？〃

＇e＇　Su　Qin　was　prime　minister　of　six　states　during　the　Warring　States　period。　Su　Qin　was　the　leader　of　the　〃Perpendicular　Unionists〃；　the　diplomats　who　lobbied　a　group　of　states　from　north　to　south　to　make　war　with　Qin。　。。。。。
＇e＇　Zhang　Yi　was　prime　minister　of　Qin　during　the　Warring　States　period。　Zhang　Yi　was　the　leader　of　the　〃Horizontal　Unionists〃；　the　diplomats　who　persuaded　a　group　of　states　from　east　to　west　to　make　peace　with　Qin。　At　the　end　of　the　Warring　States；　Qin　conquerred　all　six　other　states　and　unified　China　under　one　rule　for　the　first　time。　。。。。。
Zhuge　Liang　replied；　〃You　regard　those　two　as　mere　speculative　talkers；　you　do　not　recognize　them　also　as　heroes。　Su　Qin*　bore　the　Prime　Ministers'　seals　of　six　federated　states；　Zhang　Yi*　was　twice　Prime　Minister　of　the　state　of　Qin。　Both　were　men　of　conspicuous　ability　who　brought　about　the　reformation　of　their　governments。　They　are　not　to　be　pared　with　those　who　quail　before　the　strong　and　overbear　the　weak；　who　fear　the　dagger　and　run　away　from　the　sword。　You；　Sir；　have　listened　to　Cao　Cao's　crafty　and　empty　threat；　and　it　has　frightened　you　into　advising　surrender。　Dare　you　ridicule　Su　Qin　and　Zhang　Yi？〃
Bu　Zhi　was　silenced。
Then　suddenly　another　interjected　the　question；　〃What　do　you　think　of　Cao　Cao？〃
It　was　Xue　Zong　who　had　spoken。
And　Zhuge　Liang　replied；　〃Cao　Cao　is　one　of　the　rebels　against　the　dynasty。　Why　ask　about　him？〃
〃You　are　mistaken；〃　said　Xue　Zong。　〃The　Hans　have　outlasted　their　allotted　time；　and　the　end　is　near。　Cao　Cao　already　has　two…thirds　of　the　empire；　and　people　are　turning　to　him。　Your　master　has　not　recognized　the　fateful　moment；　and　to　contend　with　a　man　so　strong　is　to　try　to　smash　stones　with　eggs。　Failure　is　certain。〃
Zhuge　Liang　angrily　replied；　〃Why　do　you　speak　so　undutiful　words；　as　if　you　knew　neither　father　nor　prince？　Loyalty　and　filial　duty　are　the　essentials　of　a　person's　being。　For　a　minister　of　Han；　correct　conduct　demands　that　one　is　pledged　to　the　destruction　of　anyone　who　does　not　follow　the　canon　of　a　minister's　duty。　Cao　Cao's　forbears　enjoyed　the　bounty　of　Han；　but　instead　of　showing　gratitude；　he　nourishes　in　his　bosom　thoughts　of　rebellion。　The　whole　world　is　incensed　against　him；　and　yet　you　would　claim　for　him　the　indication　of　destiny。　Truly　you　are　a　man　who　knows　neither　father　nor　prince；　a　man　unworthy　of　any　words；　and　I　decline　to　argue　with　you　further。〃
The　blush　of　shame　overspread　Xue　Zong's　face；　and　he　said　no　more。
But　another；　Lu　Ji；　took　up　the　dispute　and　said；　〃Although　Cao　Cao　overawes　the　Emperor　and　in　his　name　coerces　the　nobles；　yet　he　is　the　descendant　of　the　Supreme　Ancestor's　Prime　Minister　Cao　Shen；　while　your　master；　though　he　says　he　is　descended　from　a　prince；　has　no　proof　thereof。　In　the　eyes　of　the　world；　Liu　Bei　is　just　a　weaver　of　mats；　a　seller　of　straw　shoes。　Who　is　he　to　strive　with　Cao　Cao？〃

＇e＇　It　was　the　day　in　the　South　of　River　Huai；　when　Yuan　Shu　spread　a　banquet　for　the　child　prodigies　of　the　region。　Lu　Ji　was　among　the　invited。　During　the　party；　Lu　Ji　stole　an　orange　for　his　mother。　Due　to　this　act；　his　name　was　written　in　the　〃List　of　Filial　Children〃。
Zhuge　Liang　laughed　and　replied；　〃Are　you　not　that　Lu　Ji　who　pocketed　the　orange　when　you　were　sitting　among　Yuan　Shu's　guests*？　Listen　to　me：　I　have　a　word　to　say　to　you。　Inasmuch　as　Cao　Cao　is　a　descendant　of　a　minister　of　state；　he　is　by　heredity　a　servant　of　the　Hans。　But　now　he　has　monopolized　all　state　authority　and　knows　only　his　own　arbitrary　will；　heaping　every　indignity　upon　his　lord。　Not　only　does　he　forget　his　prince；　but　he　ignores　his　ancestors；　not　only　is　he　a　rebellious　servant　of　Han；　but　the　renegade　of　his　family。　Liu　Bei　of　Yuzhou　is　a　noble　scion　of　the　imperial　family　upon　whom　the　Emperor　has　conferred　rank；　as　is　recorded　in　the　annals。　How　then　can　you　say　there　is　no　evidence　of　his　imperial　origin？　Beside；　the　very　founder　of　the　dynasty　was　himself　of　lowly　origin；　and　yet　he　became　emperor。　Where　is　the　shame　in　weaving　mats　and　selling　shoes？　Your　mean；　immature　views　are　unfit　to　be　mentioned　in　the　presence　of　scholars　of　standing。〃
This　put　a　stop　to　Lu　Ji's　flow　of　eloquence。
But　another　of　those　present　said；　〃Zhuge　Liang's　words　are　overbearing；　and　he　distorts　reason。　It　is　not　proper　argument；　and　he　had　better　say　no　more。　But　I　would　ask　him　what　classical　canon　he　studied。〃

＇e＇　Yi　Yin　was　the　founding　minister　of　Shang　Dynasty；　Lu　Wang；　of　Zhou　Dynasty；　Zhang　Liang　and　Chen　Ping；　of　Han　Dynasty。
Zhuge　Liang　looked　at　his　interlocutor；　who　was　Yan　Jun；　and　said；　〃The　dryasdusts　of　every　age　select　passages　and　choose　phrases。　What　else　are　they　good　for？　Do　they　ever　initiate　a　policy　or　manage　an　affair？　Yi　Yin；　who　was　a　farmer　in　the　state　of　Shen；　and　Lu　Wang；　the　fisherman　of　the　River　Wei；　Zhang　Liang　and　Chen　Ping；　Zheng　Yu　and　Geng　Yan*………all　were　men　of　transcendent　ability；　but　I　have　never　inquired　what　classical　canon　they　followed　or　on　whose　essays　they　formed　their　style。　Would　you　liken　them　to　your　rusty　students　of　books；　whose　journeyings　are　prised　between　their　brush　and　their　inkstone；　who　spend　their　days　in　literary　futilities；　wasting　both　time　and　ink？〃
No　reply　was　forthing。　Yan　Jun　hung　his　head　with　shame。
But　another　disputant；　Cheng　Deshu　by　name；　suddenly　shouted；　〃You　are　mightily　fond　of　big　words；　Sir；　but　they　do　not　give　any　proof　of　your　scholarship　after　all。　I　am　inclined　to　think　that　a　real　scholar　would　just　laugh　at　you。〃
Zhuge　Liang　replied；　〃There　is　the　noble　scholar；　loyal　and　patriotic；　of　perfect　rectitude　and　a　hater　of　any　crookedness。　The　concern　of　such　a　scholar　is　to　act　in　full　sympathy　with　his　day　and　leave　to　future　ages　a　fine　reputation。　There　is　the　scholar　of　the　mean　type；　a　pedant　and　nothing　more。　He　labors　constantly　with　his　pen；　in　his　callow　youth　posing　odes　and　in　hoary　age　still　striving　to　understand　the　classical　books　pletely。　Thousands　of　words　flow　from　his　pen；　but　there　is　not　a　solid　idea　in　his　breast。　He　may；　as　did　Yang　Xiong；　glorify　the　age　with　his　writings　and　yet　stoop　to　serve　a　tyrant　such　as　Wang　Mang。　No　wonder　Yang　Xiong　threw　himself　out　of　a　window；　he　had　to。　That　is　the　way　of　the　scholar　of　mean　type。　Though　he　poses　odes　by　the　hundred；　what　is　the　use　of　him？〃
Cheng　Deshu　could　make　no　reply。　The　other　officers　now　began　to　hold　this　man　of　torrential　speech　in　wholesome　fear。
Only　two　of　them；　Zhang　Wen　and　Luo　Tong；　had　failed　to　challenge　him；　but　when　they　would　have　tried　to　pose　Zhuge　Liang；　suddenly　someone　appeared　from　without　and　angrily　shouted；　〃This　is　not　paying　fit　respect　to　a　guest。　You　have　among　you　the　most　wonderful　man　of　the　day；　and　you　all　sit　there　trying　to　entangle　him　in　speech　while　our　archenemy　Cao　Cao　is　nearing　our　borders。　Instead　of　discussing　how　to　oppose　Cao　Cao；　you　are　all　wrangling　and　disputing。〃
All　eyes　turned　toward　the　speaker。　It　was　Huang　Gai　of　Lingling；　who　was　the　Chief　of　the　missariat　of　the　South　Land。
He　turned　to　address　Zhuge　Liang；　saying；　〃There　is　a　saying　that　though　something　may　be　gained　by　talk；　there　is　more　to　be　got　by　silence。　Why　not　give　my　lord　the　advantage　of　your　valuable　advice　instead　of　wasting　time　in　discussion　with　this　crowd？〃
〃They　did　not　understand；〃　replied　Zhuge　Liang；　〃and　it　was　necessary　to　enlighten　them；　so　I　had　to　speak。〃
As　Huang　Gai　and　Lu　Su　led　the　guest　toward　their　master's　apartments；　they　met　his　brother　Zhuge　Jin。　Zhuge　Liang　saluted　him　with　the　deference　due　to　an　elder　brother。
Zhuge　Jin　said；　〃Why　have　you　not　been　to　see　me；　brother？〃
〃I　am　now　in　the　service　of　Liu　Bei　of　Yuzhou；　and　it　is　right　that　public　affairs　precede　private　obligations。　I　cannot　attend　to　any　private　matters　till　my　work　is　done。　You　must　pardon　me；　brother。〃
〃After　you　have　seen　Marquis　Sun　Quan；　you　will　e　and　tell　me　your　news；〃　said　he　as　he　left。
As　they　went　along　to　the　audience　chamber；　Lu　Su　again　cautioned　Zhuge　Liang　against　any　rash　speech；　saying；　〃Do　not　tell　the　magnitude　of　Cao　Cao's　forces。　Please　remember。〃
The　latter　nodded　but　made　no　other　reply。　When　they　reached　the　hall；　Sun　Quan　came　down　the　steps　to　wele　his　guests　and　was　extraordinarily　gracious。　After　the　mutual　salutations；　the　guest　was　given　a　chair　while　the　Marquis'　officials　were　drawn　up　in　two　lines；　on　one　side　the　civil；　on　the　other　the　military。　Lu　Su　stood　beside　Zhuge　Liang　and　listened　to　his　introductory　speech。
As　Zhuge　Liang　spoke　of　Liu　Bei's　intentions；　he　glanced　up　at　his　host。　He　noted　the　green　eyes　and　purple　beard　and　the　dignified　manding　air　of　the　man　and　thought　within　himself；　〃Certainly　in　appearance　this　is　no　mon　man。　He　is