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mc.theandromedastrein-第30部分
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tochondria; ribosomes; membranes; reticula。〃
In actual practice there were several drawbacks to the electron microscope; which counterbalanced its great powers of magnification。 For one thing; because it used electrons instead of light; the inside of the microscope had to be a vacuum。 This meant it was impossible to examine living creatures。
But the most serious drawback had to do with the sections of specimen。 These were extremely thin; making it difficult to get a good three…dimensional concept of the object under study。
Again; Polton had a simple analogy。 〃Let us say you cut an automobile in half down the middle。 In that case; you could guess the plete; 'whole' structure。 But if you cut a very thin slice from the automobile; and if you cut it on a strange angle; it could be more difficult。 In your slice; you might have only a bit of bumper; and rubber tire; and glass。 From such a slice; it would be hard to guess the shape and function of the full structure。〃
Stone was aware of all the drawbacks as he fitted the metal button into the EM; sealed it shut; and started the vacuum pump。 He knew the drawbacks and he ignored them; because he had no choice。 Limited as it was; the electron microscope was their only available high…power tool。
He turned down the room lights and clicked on the beam。 He adjusted several dials to focus the beam。 In a moment; the image came into focus; green and black on the screen。
It was incredible。
Jeremy Stone found himself staring at a single unit of the organism。 It was a perfect; six…sided hexagon; and it interlocked with other hexagons on each side。 The interior of the hexagon was divided into wedges; each meeting at the precise center of the structure。 The overall appearance was accurate; with a kind of mathematical precision he did not associate with life on earth。
It looked like a crystal。
He smiled: Leavitt would be pleased。 Leavitt liked spectacular; mind…stretching things。 Leavitt had also frequently considered the possibility that life might be based upon crystals of some kind; that it might be ordered in some regular pattern。
He decided to call Leavitt in。
***
'graphic of EM crystal pattern' Caption: (Early sketch by Jeremy Stone of hexagonal Andromeda configuration。 Photo courtesy Project Wildfire。)
As soon as he arrived; Leavitt said; 〃Well; there's our answer。〃
〃Answer to what?〃
〃To how this organism functions。 I've seen the results of spectrometry and amino…acid analysis。〃
〃And?〃
〃The organism is made of hydrogen; carbon; oxygen; and nitrogen。 But it has no amino acids at all。 None。 Which means that it has no proteins as we know them; and no enzymes。 I was wondering how it could survive without protein…based organization。 Now I know。〃
〃The crystalline structure。〃
〃Looks like it;〃 Leavitt said; peering at the screen。 〃In three dimensions; it's probably a hexagonal slab; like a piece of tile。 Eight…sided; with each face a hexagon。 And on the inside; those wedge…shaped partments leading to the center。〃
〃They would serve to separate biochemical functions quite well。〃
〃Yes;〃 Leavitt said。 He frowned。
〃Something the matter?〃
Leavitt was thinking; remembering something he had forgotten。 A dream; about a house and a city。 He thought for a moment and it began to e back to him。 A house and a city。 The way the house worked alone; and the way it worked in a city。
It all came back。
〃You know;〃 he said; 〃it's interesting; the way this one unit interlocks with the others around it。〃
〃You're wondering if we're seeing part of a higher organism?〃
〃Exactly。 Is this unit self…sufficient; like a bacterium; or is it just a block from a larger organ; or a larger organism? After all; if you saw a single liver cell; could you guess what kind of an organ it came from? No。 And what good would one brain cell be without the rest of the brain?〃
Stone stared at the screen for a long time。 〃A rather unusual pair of analogies。 Because the liver can regenerate; can grow back; but the brain cannot。〃
Leavitt smiled。 〃The Messenger Theory。〃
〃One wonders;〃 Stone said。
The Messenger Theory had e from John R。 Samuels; a munications engineer。 Speaking before the Fifth Annual Conference on Astronautics and munication; he had reviewed some theories about the way in which an alien culture might choose to contact other cultures。 He argued that the most advanced concepts in munications in earth technology were inadequate; and that advanced cultures would find better methods。
〃Let us say a culture wishes to scan the universe;〃 he said。 〃Let us say they wish to have a sort of 'ing…out party' on a galactic scale to formally announce their existence。 They wish to spew out information; clues to their existence; in every direction。 What is the best way to do this? Radio? Hardly radio is too slow; too expensive; and it decays too rapidly。 Strong signals weaken within a few billion miles。 TV is even worse。 Light rays are fantastically expensive to generate。 Even if one learned a way to detonate whole stars; to explode a sun as a kind of signal; it would be costly。
〃Besides expense; all these methods suffer the traditional drawback to any radiation; namely decreasing strength with distance。 A light bulb may be unbearably bright at ten feet; it may be powerful at a thousand feet; it may be visible at ten miles。 But at a million miles; it is pletely obscure; because radiant energy decreases according to the fourth power of the radius。 A simple; unbeatable law of physics。
〃So you do not use physics to carry your signal。 You use biology。 You create a munications system that does not diminish with distance; but rather remains as powerful a million miles away as it was at the source。
〃In short; you devise an organism to carry your message。 The organism would be self…replicating; cheap; and could be produced in fantastic numbers。 For a few dollars; you could produce trillions of them; and send them off in all directions into space。 They would be tough; hardy bugs; able to withstand the rigors of space; and they would grow and duplicate and divide。 Within a few years; there would be countless numbers of these in the galaxy; speeding in all directions; waiting to contact life。
〃And when they did? Each single organism would carry the potential to develop into a full organ; or a full organism。
〃They would; upon contacting life; begin to grow into a plete municating mechanism。 It is like spewing out a billion brain cells; each capable of regrowing a plete brain under the proper circumstances。 The newly grown brain would then speak to the new culture' informing it of the presence of the other; and announcing ways in which contact might be made。〃
Samuels's theory of the Messenger Bug was considered amusing by practical scientists; but it could not be discounted now。
〃Do you suppose;〃 Stone said; 〃that it is already developing into some kind of organ of munication?〃
〃Perhaps the cultures will tell us more;〃 Leavitt said。
〃Or X…ray crystallography;〃 Stone said。 〃I'll order it now。〃
***
Level V had facilities for X…ray crystallography; though there had been much heated discussion during Wildfire planning as to whether such facilities were necessary。 X…ray crystallography represented the most advanced; plex; and expensive method of structural analysis in modern biology。 It was a little like electron microscopy; but one step further along the line。 It was more sensitive; and could probe deeper but only at great cost in terms of time; equipment; and personnel。
The biologist R。 A。 Janek has said that increasing vision is 〃increasingly expensive。〃 He meant by this that any machine to enable men to see finer or fainter details increased in cost faster than it increased in resolving power。 This hard fact of research was discovered first by the astronomers; who learned painfully that construction of a two…hundred…inch telescope mirror was far more difficult and expensive than construction of a one…hundred…inch mirror。
In biology this was equally true。 A light microscope; for example; was a small device easily carried by a technician in one hand。 It could outline a cell; and for this ability a scientist paid about 1;000。
An electron microscope could outline small structures within the cell。 The EM was a large console and cost up to 100;000。
In contrast; X…ray crystallography could outline individual molecules。 It came as close to photographing atoms as science could manage。 But the device was the size of a large automobile; filled an entire room; required specially trained operators; and demanded a puter for interpretation of results。
This was because X…ray crystallography did not produce a direct visual picture of the object being studied。。 It was not; in this sense; a microscope; and it operated differently from either the light or electron microscope。
It produced a diffraction pattern instead of an image。 This appeared as a pattern of geometric dots; in itself rather mysterious; on a photographic plate。 By using a puter; the pattern of dots could be analyzed and the structure deduced。
It was a relatively new science; retaining an old…fashioned name。 Crystals were seldom used any more; the term 〃X ray crystallography〃 dated from the days when crystals were chosen as test objects。 Crystals had regular structures and thus the pattern of dots resulting from a beam of X rays shot at a crystal were easier to analyze。 But in recent years the X rays had been shot at irregular objects of varying sorts。 The X rays were bounced off at different angles。 A puter could 〃read〃 the photographic plate and measure the angles; and from this work back to the shape of the object that had caused such a reflection。
The puter at Wildfire performed the endless and tedious calculations。 All this; if done by manual human calculation; would take years; perhaps centuries。 But the puter could do it in seconds。
***
〃How are you feeling; Mr。 Jackson?〃 Hall asked。
The old man blinked his eyes and looked at Hall; in his plastic suit。
〃All right。 Not the best; but all right。〃
He gave a wry grin。
〃Up to talking a little?〃
〃About what?
〃Piedmont。〃
〃What about it?〃
〃That night;〃 Hall said。 〃The night it all happened。〃
〃Well; I tell you。 I've lived in Piedmont all my life。 Traveled a bit been to LA; and even up to Frisco。 Went as far east as St。 Louis; which was far enough for me。 But Piedmont; that's where I've lived。 And I have to tell you〃
〃The night it all happened;〃 Hall repeated。
He stopped; and turned his head away。 〃I don't want to think about it;〃 he said。
〃You have to think about it。〃
〃No。〃
He continued to look away for a moment; and then turned back to Hall。 〃They all died; did they?〃
〃Not all。 One other survived。 〃 He nodded to the crib next to Jackson。
Jackson peered over at the bundle of blankets。 〃Who's that? 〃
〃A baby。〃
〃Baby? Must be the Ritter child。 Jamie Ritter。 Real young; is it?〃
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